Table of contents

• Motorcycles ride well and safely Driving tips, basic knowledge, advice

fact

26th pictures

MOTORCYCLE

1/26
On the way on alpine passes? That’s how it works!

MOTORCYCLE

2/26
Seductive winding curves with risk. The course of the road cannot be seen for the most part, which is why a car or motorcycle can appear unexpectedly – uncomfortable to dangerous when you cut the curves. The so-called undercutting of the curves is therefore better, especially since you always have to expect that a driver in oncoming traffic will cut the S-curve and, in the worst case, come along on the wrong side of the road. If we have then cut the curve ourselves, our chances are extremely slim.

MOTORCYCLE

3/26
The classic curve, which allows a finely arranged ideal line and corresponding leanings due to its clarity. However, if you cut the curve (dashed line), the motorcycle must drive the greatest lean angle at the exit of the curve, if you do not want to go on a collision course with possible oncoming traffic. In the case of undercutting (solid line), on the other hand, the apex is later (pylons). You can see better around the bend, which is why you can accelerate much earlier on the flatter line, which more than makes up for the slightly slower cornering speed.

MOTORCYCLE

4/26
In alternating curves, the advantage of undercutting comes into play even more, because the apex, which is set late in the right-hand bend, allows the following left-hand bend to be approached from far outside. The driver on the wrong line (dashed) is pushed in the direction of the opposite lane, and he has to turn hard from an extremely unfavorable position for the following left-hand bend. A liquid, round line cannot be made with it.

MOTORCYCLE

5/26
The three phases of cornering.

MOTORCYCLE

6/26
Red phase: Adaptive braking before turning. Turning in on the brakes is critical, because many machines, especially those with wide tires, cause an erection torque.

MOTORCYCLE

7/26
The contact area of ​​the front tire moves out of the wheel center plane (see yellow dashed line) and the motorcycle tries to straighten up. The driver has to compensate for this phenomenon by counter-steering. In our driving tests, a necessary counter-steering force of up to 250 Newton meters was found at a twelve degree incline.

MOTORCYCLE

8/26
Yellow phase: Lean during the roll phase. In this driving state, the circumferential forces on the front wheel are very low, while the driving force acts on the rear wheel depending on the constant speed – at 100 km / h around eight hp. The tires can now transfer high lateral forces and thus cope with an enormous lean angle. If the lean angle is too great, the tires lose their grip, usually the narrower front tire first. Conversely, too low cornering speed can lead to overturning; Early easy acceleration helps.

MOTORCYCLE

9/26
Green phase: Accelerate from a lean angle. At the exit of the curve, the gas is gently drawn up, causing the motorcycle to stand up and the curve radius increases. If you want to push the straightening up, additional pressure at the end of the handlebars on the outside of the curve helps. Depending on the acceleration, a more or less strong circumferential force acts on the rear tire. This is why it can withstand less lateral forces and therefore lean angles than the front tire, which guarantees safe lateral guidance in an inclined position.

Gargolov

10/26
The classic – lean into the curve: the driver and machine form a line when tilted. Either with a firm knee or a relaxed, sporty knee, this driving style is suitable for all types of curves at any speed. The direction of travel can be corrected very quickly, from laying down you can seamlessly switch to pushing in alternating curves. The relaxed posture does not require much strength. Good to see here: The driver bends his head to keep his horizon as straight as possible, his gaze is directed towards the exit of the curve.

Bilski

11/26
Push: This curve technique originally comes from off-road sports. The driver remains relatively upright, the motorcycle is pushed down with the handlebars. Hip bend and firm knee closure help. This works well in tight bends and serpentines, with quick changes of course or evasive maneuvers. Ideal for gravel roads and on loose or slippery surfaces because the body’s center of gravity is above the tire contact area.

jkuenstle.de

12/26
Hanging-off: This driving style is tailored to the seating position and chassis geometry of super athletes and is mainly used on the racetrack, where the further course of the route is known. With the same cornering speed, it requires less lean angle, but strength and a lot of practice. The photos show that, regardless of the cornering style, a motorcycle needs considerably more space than when driving straight ahead, which is why you should never get too close to the center of the lane when cornering to the left. And to the right, the delineator posts lurk for (athlete) mirrors rushing past too closely.

MOTORCYCLE

13/26
You should avoid this mistake.

MOTORCYCLE

14/26
This mistake should also be avoided: Too high an initial speed and panic braking.

Streblow

15/26
Correct viewing is often difficult uphill. The dirt on the right-hand side of the lane also first demands attention and thus draws attention to itself.

Streblow

16/26
Now it’s time to “keep your head up” and look uphill to see if there is oncoming traffic and how the road will continue. We don’t see yet what the next picture shows.

Streblow

17/26
Looking ahead at an early stage prevents us from being frightened by the now emerging cyclist and allows us to perceive the following right-hand bend in good time.

Streblow

18/26
In left-hand bends, the lane can get really narrow. Because if we drove too far to the left we would come into oncoming traffic, and on the right edge of the road there were leaves, gravel and other rubbish. You should stay away from this as much as possible in an inclined position.

MOTORCYCLE

19/26
The measured values ​​of a Honda CBR 600 F show how different road surfaces in the rain affect the braking distance and the possible lean angle. The braking distance is hardly longer on grippy racetrack asphalt than on dry slopes. On the wet country road, however, the sports touring bike needs 77 meters to brake hard from 100 km / h, and significantly more if the surface is poor. In addition, the possible inclination is drastically reduced.

MOTORCYCLE

20/26
Topic loading:

MOTORCYCLE

21/26
A fully loaded motorcycle is slower and less powerful than a machine on which only the driver is sitting. Actually clear, but in the heat of the curve fight on the country road you sometimes forget that, especially when the tour for two and with luggage is more the exception than the rule. The two examples above use a Suzuki GSX 1250 FA to show that overtaking with a load takes significantly longer. The Suzi has at least 98 hp and remains relatively powerful; with weak engines, the path can even double.

MOTORCYCLE

22/26
Important: The chassis must be adjusted when loading.

Bilski

23/26
Leaning under a load is hard work for the rear tire. If there is still too little air in it, the rear of the machine can really rock up.

Bilski

24/26
When loaded, the performance and braking behavior of a motorcycle change. Since there is significantly more weight on the rear wheel than normal, the front wheel becomes light when you accelerate and lifts off noticeably earlier. Depending on the tires, handlebar flutter (shimmy) can increase between 60 and 100 km / h. Therefore: Do not drive hands-free or with only one hand on the handlebars when the vehicle is loaded. Anyone traveling in the Alps should take into account that the braking distance increases on steep inclines, as shown by braking measurements with a Honda VFR 800. The other measurement data show that the acceleration and, above all, the pulling power of the almost five hundred pound heavy sports tourer deteriorate significantly – take into account when overtaking!

manufacturer

25/26
Sitting position: If, as here, only the tips of your toes reach the floor, it is not enough to just reduce the spring base on the fork and shock absorber. Because not only is the progress too little, such a suspension setting also leads to unsatisfactory driving characteristics.

manufacturer

26/26
The lowering kit and the extra-deep seat bring real progress. In the case of the BMW F 800 GS, other fork springs that match the shortened rear shock are installed at the front. All in all, the seat height is reduced by around 70 millimeters.

counselor

Driving experience & Driving tips

Driving tips and advice on motorcycling

Motorcycles ride well and safely
Driving tips, basic knowledge, advice

MOTORRAD publishes in cooperation with the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the Institute for Bicycle Safety (ifz), the German Road Safety Council (DVR) and the campaign “Slow down” a collection of tips, tricks and training opportunities on the topic “Ride a motorcycle well and safely”.

Nicolas Streblow

Related articles

• Pascal Eckhardt’s driving tips for brakes

  archive counselor workshop Pascal Eckhardt’s driving tips for brakes Pascal Eckhardt’s driving tips for the racetrack Part 6 – Brakes Content of If you…

• Driving tips: Warm up the motorcycle properly

  jkuenstle.de counselor workshop Driving tips: Warm up the motorcycle properly This is how it works: Warm up the motorcycle properly How to get your bike…

• Technology PS driving dynamics cornering ABS

  markus-jahn.com 18th pictures markus-jahn.com 1/18 … as well as in the city to its limits. markus-jahn.com 2/18 On the one hand, this smooth transition…

• Lateral and circumferential forces when riding a motorcycle – driving physics when riding a motorcycle

  archive counselor technology & future Lateral and circumferential forces when riding a motorcycle – driving physics when riding a motorcycle About…

• Pascal Eckhardt’s driving tips for the racetrack part 5

  archive counselor workshop Pascal Eckhardt’s driving tips for the racetrack part 5 Pascal Eckhardt’s driving tips for the racetrack Part 5 Correct…

• Pascal Eckhardt’s driving tips for the racetrack Concentration

  fact counselor workshop Pascal Eckhardt’s driving tips for the racetrack Concentration Pascal Eckhardt’s driving tips for the racetrack Part 11 Full…

• Motorcycling under special conditions

  Rosen Gargolov 12th pictures MOTORCYCLE 1/12 The measured values ​​of a Honda CBR 600 F show how different road surfaces in the rain affect the braking…

• Driving tips for the racetrack part 3

  2snap 9 pictures 2snap 1/9 How can I use the road conditions for myself? After all, everyone is skiing on the same track, everyone will find the same…

• Technology: Driving dynamics safety

  counselor technology & future Technology: driving dynamics / safety Technology: driving dynamics / safety Subject focus The discussion at the motorcycle…

• Pascal Eckhardt’s driving tips for the racetrack part 4

  escort elite 37 pictures Milagro 1/37 The GridGirls from the MotoGP weekend at the Sachsenring 2013. 2snap 2/37 The GridGirls from the MotoGP weekend at…